Reflections on the Parable of the Ten Virgins

His Holiness Pope Shenouda III speaks about the Parable of the Ten Virgins from the Gospel of Matthew (chapter twenty-five) and explains the symbols of the parable so the listener understands the difference between the wise and foolish virgins from a spiritual perspective.

Interpretation of the Number Five and Its Significance

The number five symbolizes the human (senses, fingers) and the Bible uses it to denote all people; in the parable five wise and five foolish symbolize two kinds of people, not a literal count.

Outward Similarity and Inner Difference

Outwardly all the virgins were similar: they carried lamps and stayed up awaiting the bridegroom. But the interior is the difference—the wise took extra oil while the foolish relied on appearance only and did not check their lamps.

Meaning of the Oil and Its Spiritual Symbolism

Oil is a symbol of the Holy Spirit and His work: the anointing and oil used in the Bible indicate the presence of the Holy Spirit and illumination in the person. The oil inside the lamp represents a true spiritual life and real fellowship with the Spirit.

The Difference Between Formal Faith and Living Faith

The foolish have an outward form of piety and the name of Christ but without fellowship of the Holy Spirit or genuine spiritual life; the wise filled their hearts and minds with the work of the Spirit so their lamps were shining and steadfast.

A Call to Continuous Readiness

The parable teaches that readiness for the coming is not at one moment but a lifelong practice: be filled with the Spirit, watch and pray, and preserve the Spirit’s renewing work within us always, because the door may be shut and there will be no chance for repentance after death.

The Result of Losing the Oil and Regret After Opportunity Is Lost

When the oil runs out it cannot be transferred from one person to another; the individual is responsible for having oil in his heart. The loss here is the loss of life, opportunities, and the ability to enter with the bridegroom when the door is closed.

Practical Spiritual Conclusion

The call is to a straight spiritual life: it is not enough to receive the anointing or to know the name of Christ; one must live in fellowship with the Holy Spirit, maintain His illumination, and continually bear His fruits and gifts.

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